Special Chemical Sciences Facilities

SUMMARIES OF FY 1996 RESEARCH IN THE CHEMICAL SCIENCES

SPECIAL FACILITIES

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The special facilities described on the following pages are supported wholly or partly by the Division of Chemical Sciences. They represent an assembly of unique and/or expensive equipment which would be costly to develop elsewhere. They represent research resources for the general Scientific community, and qualified scientists from laboratories outside the host laboratory are encouraged to make use of them. However, any activity that can be carried out through commercially available laboratories is not appropriate for these DOE-supported facilities.

The process by which an off-site scientist can use a facility is discussed in each facility summary. For the National Synchrotron Light Source, the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, and the Combustion Research Facility, see the section, "User Mode." For the remaining facilities, see "Collaborative Use," which describes the different procedures used at the individual facilities.

Each of the facility summaries also gives the names of individuals to contact for further information, a general description of the facility, and a list of technical data on the primary available instrumentation.

The Office of Basic Energy Sciences also sup[ports other facilities not summarized here. Information concerning these can be obtained by contacting the Director of Materials Sciences, ER-13, U.S. Department of Energy, Germantown, MD 20874.

Budgets for the operation of those facilities specifically funded as Chemical Sciences Facilities (KC-03-01-04) are given below.

Location	Facility	Operating Funds
Brookhaven National Laboratory	National Synchrotron Light Source	$7,853,000
Oak Ridge National Laboratory	High Flux Isotope Reactor	$26,346,000
Oak Ridge National Laboratory	Radiochemical Engineering Development Center	$7,078,000
Sandia National Laboratories, California	Combustion Research Facility	$4,307,000
Stanford University	Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory	$13,390,000

FACILITIES DISCUSSED BELOW

Premium Coal Sample Program
Argonne Pulse Radiolysis Facility
National Synchrotron Light Source
James R. MacDonald Laboratory
Notre Dame Pulse Radiolysis Facility
High Flux Isotope Reactor
Radiochemical Engineering Development Center
Combustion Research Facility
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

PREMIUM COAL SAMPLE PROGRAM (KC-03-02-01)

Chemistry Division
Argonne National Laboratory
Argonne, IL 60439

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The purpose of the Premium Coal Sample Program is to provide the coal science community with long-term supplies of a number of premium coal samples that can be used as standards in fundamental research. The premium coal samples distributed through this program are as chemically and physically identical as possible, have well-characterized chemical and physical properties, and are stable over long periods of time. The coals were mined, transported, processed into desired particle and sample sizes, and packaged in environments as free of oxygen as possible. The natural moisture content was also maintained in order to ensure that the coals are in as pristine and stable a condition as possible.

AVAILABILITY

Eight coal samples are available to research personnel at a nominal replacement cost. A limited quantity of large pieces, stored under similar inert conditions, is also available on special request.

#	Seam	State	C	H	O	S	Ash
1	Upper Freeport	PA	85.5	4.70	7.5	2.32	13.2
2	Wyodak-Anderson	WY	75.0	5.35	18.0	0.63	8.8
3	Illinois #6	IL	77.7	5.00	13.5	4.83	15.5
4	Pittsburgh #8	PA	83.2	5.32	8.8	2.19	9.2
5	Pocahontas #3	VA	91.1	4.44	2.5	0.66	4.8
6	Blind Canyon	UT	80.7	5.76	11.6	0.62	4.7
7	Lewiston-Stockton	WV	82.6	5.25	9.8	0.71	19.8
8	Beulah-Zap	ND	72.9	4.83	20.3	0.80	9.7

More than 800 shipments totaling over 22,000 ampoules have been made thus far. A Users Handbook is updated periodically and available upon request (see contact below) or on the World Wide Web at http://www.anl.gov/PCS/pcshome.html.

PERSON TO CONTACT FOR INFORMATION

Dr. Ken B. Anderson                 Phone:  (708) 252-1928
Chemistry Division, Bldg. 200       Fax:    (708) 252-9288

Argonne National Laboratory
9700 South Cass Avenue
Argonne, IL 60439

e-mail: kbanderson@anl.gov

PULSE RADIOLYSIS FACILITY (KC-03-01-01)

Chemistry Division
Argonne National Laboratory
Argonne, IL 60439

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The Argonne pulse radiolysis facility has been and is being used for a wide variety of experiments. Although the accelerator was designed for chemical research, it has been used for a wide variety of experiments. Recent nonchemical experiments include the verification of radiation monitors under pulse conditions, the determination of cavity modes induced in cavities by a short pulse of electrons, the verification of the theory of wakefield acceleration, and the effect of high-energy electrons on material properties. For chemical experiments, the moderate energy of the electron accelerator (maximum energy of 21 MeV transient mode, 14 MeV steady state mode) generates transient species without excessive nuclear activation. The pulse width can be varied from 25 ps to 10 ms. In addition, a 5-ps pulse with the same peak current as the 25-ps pulse has been developed. In liquids, transient concentrations up to 20 mM can be generated with the 25-ps pulse and concentrations more than 10 mM can be generated with the longest pulse. Instrumentation for the measurement of chemical processes allows kinetic spectrophotometric absorption and emission and fast conductivity measurements. A 2-ps streak camera with custom software is available for fast emission measurements. Very high time resolution measurements that make use of the short pulse capability of the Linac can also be made. All data acquisition equipment is computer interfaced to provide accurate data reduction. Sample preparation and handling facilities are available for solid, and handling facilities are available for solid, liquid, and gaseous samples.

COLLABORATIVE USE

Collaborative experiments can be arranged with appropriate staff scientists.

PERSON TO CONTACT FOR INFORMATION

Charles D. Jonah       Phone:  (708)252-3471
Chemistry Division     FAX:    (708)252-4993

Argonne National Laboratory
9700 South Cass Avenue
Argonne, IL 60439

Computer address : Jonah@Anlchm.bitnet
Alternative: Jonah@ANLCHM.CHM.ANL.GOV

TECHNICAL DATA

Energy
	Transient mode	21 MeV
	Steady-state mode	14 MeV
Average current		200 渙 (maximum)
Pulse repetition rate		Single pulse to 800 pps (800 pps not possible for all pulses)
Current/pulse
	Transient mode	20 A peak
	Steady-state mode	1.5 A peak
	Picosecond pulse	25 nC (charge per pulse)
	Picosecond(5 ps)	6 nC
	Pulse width	5 ps	transient mode
		25 ps
		4 to 100 ns
		0.5 to 10 盜	steady state mode

NATIONAL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE

Brookhaven National Laboratory
Building 725B, P.O. Box 5000
Upton, NY 11973-5000

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) is the largest facility in the U.S. dedicated to the production of synchrotron radiation. Funded by the Department of Energy as a user facility, construction on the NSLS began in 1977 with VUV Ring operation commencing in 1982 and X-Ray Ring operation in 1984. Since then, the facility has undergone a major 4-year upgrade and is continually improved to take advantage of the latest technology in storage rings, beamline optics, and insertion devices.

The NSLS operates two electron storage rings producing high brightness synchrotron radiation in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, and x-ray regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Insertion devices installed in the straight sections of the rings provide radiation that is anywhere from one to several orders of magnitude brighter than the radiation from bending magnets. The VUV Ring operates at 800 MeV with a critical energy of 486 eV. It has 17 beam ports split into 25 experimental stations, or beamlines, and also supports two insertion devices. The X-Ray Ring operates at 2.5 GeV, 300 mA, with a critical energy of about 5 keV. It has a total of 30 beam ports split into 60 beamlines and currently supports 5 insertion devices: two undulators, a superconducting wiggler, and two hybrid wigglers. There are also a number of beamlines devoted to machine diagnostics and R&D. The NSLS facility has user laboratories and a wide range of research equipment for basic and applied studies in condensed matter, surface science, photochemistry and photophysics, lithography, crystallography, small-angle scattering, metallurgy, x-ray microscopy, topography, etc. Detailed information about beamline research programs, experimental apparatus, and optical configurations is available from the NSLS User Administration Office.

USER MODES

Approximately 2300 scientists from more than 350 institutions came to the NSLS to perform research during 1994. The NSLS is a national user facility available without charge to university, industrial, national laboratory, and government users. In addition, a program is available to assist faculty/student research groups who have limited grant support and wish to defray travel expenses to the NSLS. Proprietary work can be done on a full cost recovery basis with the option to retain title to inventions resulting from research at the NSLS.

There are several ways of using NSLS experimental facilities. A large fraction of the beamlines have been designed and constructed by Participating Research Teams (PRTs). PRTs are comprised of one or more research teams from industry, universities, and other laboratories with large, long-range programs which have been approved by the NSLS Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC). The PRT members are given priority for up to 75% of their beamline's operational time, and their programs are reviewed by the SAC every three years. Peer-reviewed General User proposals are scheduled on both PRT beamlines and on beamlines built by the NSLS for the general community. The NSLS facility operates throughout the year with beam time scheduled in 4-month cycles. Deadlines for General User proposals are September 30, January 31, and May 31. Information about submitting research proposals, becoming a PRT, or applying for financial assistance may be obtained from the NSLS User Administration Office.

PERSON TO CONTACT FOR INFORMATION

Eva Z. Rothman, User Administrator     Phone:  (516) 344-7114
NSLS Bldg. 725B                        Fax:    (516) 344-7206

Brookhaven National Laboratory
P.O. Box 5000
Upton, NY 11973-5000

E-mail: ezr@bnl.gov
See also World Wide Web at: http://www.nsls.bnl.gov/

NSLS TECHNICAL DATA^*

STORAGE RINGS	KEY FEATURES
VUV	17 ports; E_c = 25.3 �; 0.808 GeV electron energy
X-Ray	30 ports; E_c = 2.48 �; 2.584 GeV electron energy

Research Area	Wavelength Range (�)	Energy Range (eV)	Number of Beamlines
Absorption Spectroscopy	0.35 to 2480	5 to 35,000	24
Circular Dichroism	10.3 - 5904	2.1 - 1,200	2
High Pressure Physics	1 - 10,000 痠 WB ; 0.12 - 1.24	0.124 - 1,240 meV WB; 10,000 - 100,000	2 2
High Q-Resolution Scattering	WB; 0.12 - 6.20	WB; 2,000 - 100,000	15
Imaging:
Medical	WB; 0.12 - 1.24	WB; 10,000 - 100,000	2
Tomography	WB; 0.12 - 3.10	WB; 4,000 - 100,000	3
X-Ray Microprobe	WB; 0.12 - 3.10	WB; 4,000 - 100,000	3
X-Ray Microscopy/Holography	10 - 80	155 - 1,240	1
X-Ray Topography	WB; 0.41 - 3.10	WB; 4,000 - 30,000	2
Infrared Spectroscopy	1 - 10,000 痠	0.124 - 1,240 meV	2
Lithography	124 - 4133	3 - 100	1
Nuclear Physics	---	80 - 400 MeV	1
Photoemission Spectroscopy	2.10 - 6200	2 - 5,900	19
Photoionization	2.10 - 4133	3 - 5,900	3
Protein Crystallography	WB; 0.41 - 3.10	WB; 4,000 - 30,000	6
Radiometry	WB; 8.27 - 248	WB; 50 - 1,500	1
Small Angle Scattering:
Biology	0.66 - 5.90	2,100 - 18,800	2
Materials Science	0.36 - 6.20	2,000 - 34,000	4
Small Molecule Crystallography:
Powder	WB; 0.12 - 3.10	WB; 4,000 - 100,000	4
Single Crystal	0.21 - 6.20	2,000 - 59,400	7
Standing Waves	WB; 0.62 - 6.89	WB; 1,800 - 20,000	2
Surface Scattering/X-Ray Reflectivity	WB; 0.48 - 6.20	WB; 2,000 - 26,000	10
Time Resolved Fluorescence	1393 - 5904	2.1 - 8.9	1
UV Reflectometry	WB; 8.27 - 6200	WB; 2 - 1,500	2
X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy	2.48 - 50	248 - 5,000	2

^* From 1993 NSLS User's Manual - BNL 48724
WB = White Beam

JAMES R. MACDONALD LABORATORY (KC-03-01-03)

Department of Physics
Kansas State University
Manhattan, KS 66506

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The laboratory operates a 7-MV tandem accelerator, a 9-MV superconducting linear accelerator (LINAC) and a cryogenic electron beam ion source (CRYEBIS) for the study of ion-atom collisions with highly charged ions. The tandem can operate as a stand-alone accelerator with six dedicated beam lines. The LINAC is operated as a booster accelerator to the tandem. The tandem-LINAC combination has four beam lines available. The CRYEBIS is a stand-alone facility for studying collisions with bare ions at low velocity. An ion-ion collision facility using the CYREBIS and a new ECR ion source are under development. The laboratory has a variety of experimental apparatus for atomic physics research. These include recoil ion sources, Auger electron spectrometers, X-ray spectrometers, and a 45-inch-diameter scattering chamber. The laboratory is available to users who require the unique facilities of the laboratory for atomic collision experiments.

Collaborative Use

Users are encouraged to seek a collaborator on the staff or to submit a brief proposal to the Laboratory Director.

Person to Contact For Information

Patrick Richard, Director                    Phone:  (913) 532-6783

James R. Macdonald Laboratory
Department of Physics
Kansas State University
Manhattan, KS 66506-2604

E-mail: Richard@phys.ksu.edu

TECHNICAL DATA

**EN Tandem**
Beams	Most elements
Terminal voltages	0.3 to 7MV
Output currents	Up to 10 渙, depending on the ion species and the charge state
Repetition rate	DC or 3-ns pulses at rates up to 4 MHz, or 12 MHz operation
Magnet limitations	ME/q²150

**LINAC Booster**
Acceleration field	9 MV
Resonators	Split-ring,superconducting Nb, operated at 97 MHz
Beam repetition rate	12 MHz with 75% of beam bunched
Mass limitation	M <100� due to injection energy

**CRYEBIS**
Beams	Up to bare ions of C,N,O,F,Ne,Al, and Ar. Up to Kr³⁶⁺ and Xe⁴⁷⁺, Fe beams under development
Beams energy	A few to 200 KeV/q
Output currents	10⁵ to 10⁸ parts/s

PULSE RADIOLYSIS FACILITY (KC-03-01-01)

Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory
University of Notre Dame
Notre Dame, IN 46556-0579

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The Notre Dame pulse radiolysis facility is based on a 2-100 ns electron pulse from an 8-MeV linear accelerator. It is fully instrumented for computerized acquisition of optical and conductivity information on radiation chemical intermediates having lifetimes of 5 ns and longer. An excimer laser/dye laser combination is available for use at the pulse radiolysis facility for double-pulse experiments involving photolysis of radiolytic transients. Energies of ~400 mJ at 308 nm and ~50 mJ at various near-UV and visible wavelengths are available. For typical absorption studies, where one produces 10^–5 M of intermediates, spectral and kinetic information can be obtained on species having extinction coefficients in excess of 100 M^–1 cm^–1. Conductometric methods in aqueous solution cover the pH range of 3 to 11. Data are recorded digitally and stored in magnetically readable form for rapid off-line examination of spectral and kinetic details.

COLLABORATIVE USE

Collaborative experiments may be arranged with appropriate staff scientists or by a proposal to the laboratory director.

PERSON TO CONTACT FOR INFORMATION

J. Bentley,                     Phone: (219) 631-6117
  Assistant Director              FAX:   (219) 631-8068

Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory
Notre Dame, IN 46556

e-mail: bentley@vsmallv.rad.nd.edu

TECHNICAL DATA

Electron source	8-MeV linear accelerator
Operating mode	Single pulse, with signal averaging
Data collection	Workstation (DOS/Intel 486)
Pulse width	2-100 ns
Time resolution (RC)	2 ns
Pulse current	Up to 4 A
Repetition frequency	0.2 s^–1
Optical absorption measurements
Spectral region	210 to 750 nm
Sensitivity	� 0.00002 absorbance
Conductivity
pH range	3 to 11
Sensitivity	� 5 mhos/cm

HIGH FLUX ISOTOPE REACTOR (KC-03-01-04)

Research Reactors Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge, TN 37831

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

Since it began full-power operations in 1966, the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has been one of the world's most powerful research reactors. A primary purpose of the HFIR is the production of ²⁵²Cf and other transuranium isotopes for research, industrial, and medical applications. These materials are produced in the flux trap in the center of the HFIR fuel element where a working thermal-neutron flux of 2.5 x 10¹⁵ neutrons/cm²s) is available to irradiate the target material. Additional irradiation facilities are also provided in the beryllium reflector.

Beyond its contributions to isotope production, the HFIR also provides for a variety of irradiation tests and experiments that benefit from the exceptionally high neutron flux available. In the fuel element flux trap, a hydraulic rabbit tube provides access to the high thermal-neutron flux in the reactor for short-term irradiations, and other positions are ideal for fast-neutron irradiation-damage studies. A modification of the flux trap experimental facilities in 1986 has provided two locations in the maximum flux region that can accommodate instrumental capsules and engineering loops. The beryllium reflector contains numerous experimental facilities with thermal-neutron fluxes up to 1.0 x 10¹⁵ neutrons/(cm²s). These facilities can accommodate static experimental capsules, complex fuel-testing engineering loops, and special experimental isotope irradiations, the targets for which are prepared by ORNL or other qualified users.

Another major use of the HFIR is for neutron-scattering experiments to reveal the structure and dynamics of a very wide range of materials. The reactor has four horizontal beam tubes with inner diameters of 10 cm that extend outward from the reactor core at the midplane of the reactor. Beam tube HB-2 extends radially from the reactor centerline, and beam tube HB-3, which extends tangentially from the core, is offset 34 cm from the reactor center. A third tube is aligned on a tangential line 39 cm from the reactor centerline with both ends extending outward from the reactor to allow for the installation of two individual facilities. The two ends of this tube are designated HB-1 and HB-4. A scattering block of beryllium has been placed at the centerline between beam tubes HB-1 and HB-4, effectively making them into two tangential tubes.

The neutron-scattering instruments installed on the horizontal beam tubes are used in fundamental studies of materials of interest to solid-state physicists, chemists, biologists, polymer scientists, metallurgists, and colloid scientists. These instruments are open to use by university and industrial researchers on the basis of scientific merit, and about 150 to 200 researchers use the experiment facilities at the HFIR each year.

PERSON TO CONTACT FOR INFORMATION

J.E. Lee                       Phone: (423) 574-8288
                               Fax:   (423) 547-9175

Research Reactors Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831

e-mail: leeje@ornl.gov

RADIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER(KC-03-01-04)

Chemical Technology Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge, TN 37831

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The objective of the base program at the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC) is to supply transplutonium elements for use in research. The REDC is the distribution center for the DOE/ER heavy-element research program. Target rods are fabricated at REDC, irradiated in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR), and processed at REDC for separation, recovery, and purification of the heavy actinides up through ²⁵⁷Fm. Since their construction in the mid-1960s, REDC and HFIR have provided the western world's supply of elements beyond curium (atomic number 96), either directly or by furnishing starting materials for further nuclear-synthesis reactions. The transuranium element isotopes produced in the REDC are used nationally and internationally to study the basic physics and chemistry of the transuranium elements. They are also being used in research and development, programs relating to environmental effects, biological effects, and waste isolation.

Similar radiochemical separations projects can be and are often carried out in the REDC for other DOE programs. Currently, transplutonium elements are being recovered from targets irradiated at Savannah River for Defense Programs. Also, ²⁵²Cf portable neutron sources are prepared for a variety of radiography, activation analysis, and cancer treatment applications. REDC facility management is under the direction of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy. Base funding is provided by the Office of Energy Research and is supplemented by other agencies when their projects are carried out.

PERSON TO CONTACT FOR INFORMATION

R.M. Wham                Phone: (423) 576-7783

Chemical Technology Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37830-6423

E-Mail: wam@ornl.gov

COMBUSTION RESEARCH FACILITY (KC-03-01-04)

Sandia National Laboratories, California
Livermore, CA 94551-0969

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

Current activities at the Combustion Research Facility (CRF) supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences emphasize the development and the applications of new diagnostic techniques to the study of basic flame processes, research in fundamental chemistry in combustion, as well as analytical studies of reacting turbulent flows. (These programs are individually described elsewhere in this publication.) The active program of visitors to the facility, including senior researchers, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers supported through the Chemical Sciences Division, is described below.

Facility support, through the Chemical Sciences Division, includes operation and continued development of the CRF central lasers. Several are available. The tunable dye laser (Diana) is used by Sandia staff and visiting scientists for single-shot temperature, density, and species concentration measurements, and for two- and three-dimensional imaging of turbulent flames. A multipurpose laser system (Sirius) consists of a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser and a pulse-amplified ring dye laser. When the Nd:YAG laser is operated in single-axial mode in combination with the ring dye laser, the spectral resolution for CARS and other nonlinear spectroscopy experiments (performed in any of the CRF laboratories via the beam distribution system) is as small as a few thousandths of a wave number. Sirius is used also for CARS measurements in flames with large luminous backgrounds (e.g., heavily sooting flames laden with coal particles). A third central laser (Dyeblaster) consists of a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser and is used routinely to pump dye lasers in user laboratories throughout the CRF.

In addition, DOE/Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy sponsors programs at the CRF in combustion technologies and materials processing by design, DOE/Fossil supports programs in coal combustion and related diagnostics development, DOE/BES Engineering Science supports advanced analysis of turbulent flows and DOE/BES Materials Sciences support programs in combustion-related materials research.

Complete facilities for resident and visiting researchers are available: offices for 60 staff, a meeting room accommodating 250 people, a laboratory building housing 24 independent experiments, special facility laser systems, a network of computer workstations, and access to supercomputers.

In specific instances, proprietary research can be carried out at the CRF. For this type of work, the DOE will be reimbursed on a full cost recovery basis for the use of all CRF resources. Details of a DOE Class Waiver for patent rights are available.

USER MODE

Qualified scientists are encouraged to take advantage of the specialized resources available at the CRF. Prospective participants should submit a brief proposal to the laboratory director. Criteria for selection include technical merit, the extent to which CRF facilities are used, overlap with DOE program objectives, and the availability of specific equipment.

In general, the CRF will host visiting scientists to use the special-purpose lasers, work with resident staff, make use of computers and codes, and set up experiments. Visitors pay for their own salary, travel, housing, meals, and other local expenses. Facility lasers, apparatus, technicians, instrumentation, computers, and support-group services are provided without charge for research that is not proprietary. Research results from nonproprietary projects are expected to be published and disseminated.

For scientists with active government contracts, support for CRF research often can be arranged on an informal basis with the contract manager. There are opportunities for faculty, postdoctoral scientists, and graduate students to obtain Sandia support for combustion-related research at CRF.

TECHNICAL DATA

Equipment	Key features
Flashlamp-pumped, tunable dye laser	Long pulse, high energy, high average power: 2-ms pulse length 5 J/Pulse, 5 Hz Tunable 440 to 620nm 0.3-nm bandwidth
Multipurpose pulsed laser system	High peak power, high resolution double YAG and tunable dye lasers: Single mode capability 10 to 500 mJ/pulse 10 to 29 ns/pulse
Low-pressure flames	10 torr to 1 atm Mass spectrometer sampling probe LIF detection of radicals
Atmospheric flames	Diffusion and premixed flames
Vertical turbulent diffusion flame	Open-circuit, induced-draft with tunnel with co-flowing axisymmetric fuel jet: 30- by 180-cm viewing section to 6000 scfm flow
Combustion bomb	Simulated constant-volume engine combustion
Internal combustion research devices	Highly repeatable environment for homogenous charge, diesel combustion, and pulse combustion studies
Experimental diagnostics research	Nonlinear optical spectroscopy Laboratories
Turbulent flame structure laboratory	Rayleigh, Mie, and Raman 2-D imaging
Burner Engineering Research Laboratory	Firing rates from 1 kW to 3 MW, capabilities for air/fuel preheat, fuel gas recirculation, and humidification. Continuous monitoring of flue gas O₂, CH₄, CO₂, CO, NO, and NO₂. Optical diagnostics for particle and species concentrations and temperature.

Person To Contact For Information

William J. McLean,                    Phone: (510) 294-2687
Director Combustion and Materials     FAX:   (510) 294-2276
 Science and Technology Center

Sandia National Laboratories
Livermore, CA 94551-0969

e-mail: bill_mclean@sandia.gov

STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LABORATORY (KC-03-01-04)

Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
MS 69, P.O. Box 4349
Stanford, CA 94309-0210

List of Special Facilities

Table of Contents

Investigator Index

Institution Index,

Topic Index

The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) is a national user facility which provides synchrotron radiation, a name given to x-rays or light produced electrons circulating in a storage ring at nearly the speed of light. These extremely bright x-rays can be used to investigate objects of atomic and molecular size, allowing a wide variety of research in basic and applied studies on the structure of matter. The facility, which provides 25 experimental stations on 21 beam ports as well as ancillary equipment, is used by researchers from industry, government laboratories and universities in many areas, including the fields of biology, chemistry, environmental molecular science, geology, materials science, electrical engineer, chemical engineering, physics, astronomy, and medicine.

Vacuum Ultraviolet Studies (VUV)

Research utilizing the VUV and soft x-ray radiation includes: (a) the determination of electronic states in metals, semiconductors, magnetic systems, superconductors and other interesting materials; (b) properties of ultra-thin layers and a small clusters; (c) kinetic processes in a variety of materials; (d) lithography and dynamic process of chemisorbed gases.

Structural Molecular Biology

X-rays are used for research in structural molecular biology including: (a) protein structures and functions through diffraction studies in the crystalline state: (b) protein structures through extended x-ray absorption fine structures studies; (c) dynamic fluctuations in biological systems; (d) the nature of membrane and membrane protein interactions; and (e) the structure and function of metal sites in metalloproteins and metalloenzymes. Specialized facilities for protein crystallography are available. A new high brightness wiggler beam line with 3 experimental stations for structural molecular biology is under construction and will be commissioned in October 1996.

X-Ray Studies of Condensed Matter

Research utilizing x-rays for studies of condensed matter include the following areas: (a) structures of amorphous materials, catalysts and environmentally interesting systems; (b) structures of and phase transitions in surfaces and thin surface layers; (c) kinetics of structural changes in materials; (d) chemical reactivities in the gas phase; (e) nuclear resonant scattering; and, (f) fundamental x-ray scattering and absorption physics. A new beam line for environmentally-relevant studies is in the initial phases of construction.

Synchrotron Radiation Sources

Considerable research is also underway in the development of accelerators and devices inserted into the accelerators to produce more intense or brighter synchrotron radiation.

User Mode

SSRL is currently used by approximately 950 scientists from over 100 US and foreign based institutions. Scientists gain access to the facility through a refereed proposal system. Proposals are due May 1 and October 1 each year. The booklet "User Guide" available from SSRL contains information pertinent to proposal submittal. To date, 2336 proposals for research have been received.

PERSON TO CONTACT FOR MORE INFORMATION

Suzanne Barrett                         Phone:(415)926-3191
Manager, User Research Administration   FAX:  (415)926-3600

SSRL
MS 99, PO Box 4349
Stanford, CA 94309-0210

e-mail: barrett@slac.stanford.edu

**CHARACTERISTICS OF SSRL EXPERIMENTAL STATIONS**
	Horizontal Angular Acceptance (mrad)	Mirror cutoff (keV)	Monochromator	Energy range (eV)	Resolution E/E	Approximatew spot size, hgt x wdth, mm	Dedicated Instrumentation
Insertion Devices Stations
WIGGLER LINES - X-RAY End Stations
4-2 (4 periods)
Focused	2.0	10.2	Double Crystal	2400-10200	~5x10^-4	1.0 x 3.0
Unfocused	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-45000	~10^-4	2.0 x 20.0
6-2 (27 periods)
Focused	2.3	22	Double Crystal	2050-21000	~5x10^-4	1.0 x 4.0
Unfocused	1.0		Double Crystal	2050-32000	~10^-4	2.0 x 20.0
7-2 (4 periods)							Six-Circle Diffractometer
Focused	2.0	10.2	Double Crystal	2400-10200	~5x10^-4	1.0 x 5.0
Unfocused	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-45000	~10^-4	2.0 x 20
9-2 (8 periods)	Under Construction
Focused	2.0	23	Double Crystal	4000-23000			Area Detector
White Light	0.5			4000-45000
10-2 (15 periods)
Focused	2.3	22	Double Crystal	2400-21000	~5x10^-4	0.6 x 4.0
Unfocused	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-45000	~10^-4	2.0 x 20.0
Side Stations
4-1	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-45000	~5 x 10^-4	2.0 x 20.0
4-3							Two-Circle Diffractometer
Focused	1.0	Variable	Double Crystal	2400-20000	~10^-4	0.15 x 20
Unfocused	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-45000	~10^-4	2.0 x 20.0
7-1	1.0		Curved Crystal	6000-13000	~8 x10^-4	0.6 x 3.0	Rotation Camera
7-3	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-45000	~10^-4	2.0 x 20.0
9-1	3.0	16	Curved Crystal	11500-13500	Under Construction		Rotation Camera
9-3					Under Construction
Focused	2.5	23	Double Crystal	4600-23000
Unfocused	0.7		Double Crystal	4600-40000
VUV/Soft X-Ray Stations
5-3 mutli-undulator	1.5		4 Gratings	10-450	0.5-1 x 10^-3	1mm²
5-2 multi-undulator	1.5		4 Gratings	10-1200	0.5-1 x 10^-3	1mm²
5-4			NIM	Under Construction
10-1	2.0		6m SGM	250-1200	~2 x 10^-4	1mm²
Bending Magnet Stations
X-Ray
1-4	2.0		Curved Crystal	6700-10800	4.0 x 10^-3	0.25 x 1.0	Small Angle Scattering Detector
1-5	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-30000	~10^-4	2 x 17	Area Detector/CAD-4
2-1 (Focused)	4.8	8.9	Double Crystal	2400-8900	~5 x 10^-4	2 x 6
2-2	1.0		None	3200-40000		4 x 22
2-3	1.0		Double Crystal	2400-30000	~5 x 10^-4	2 x 20
VUV/Soft X-Ray
3-1	2.0		Grasshopper	24-1000	= .05-2 �	1.0 x 1.0
3-3	8-10	4.5	UHV Double Crystal (Jumbo)	800-4500	~5 x 10^-4	1.5 x 1.5
3-4	0.6		Multilayer	0-3000	White or / = .6%	2 x 8	Vacuum Diffractometer Lithography Exposure Station
8-1	12		6m TGM	8-180	~1 x 10^-3	1mm²
8-2	5.0		6m SGM	150-1000	~1 x 10^-4	1mm²
1-2	4.0		6mTGM	8-90	~1 x 10^-3	1.0 x 1.0

Last updated by Harry J. Dewey, (hd@lanl.gov) on December 20, 1996.

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